LEARN KOREAN PARTICLES Neun/Eun, i/Ga, Reul/Eul

안녕하세요 여러분...
잘 지내세요?

If you've read our previous lesson, you certainly know the meaning of the sentence above. Yup, it means hello everyone, how are you? If you didn't read our previous lesson, you can check it here. Well, this time we will learn about Korean particles. Korean has 2 particles that always follow the subject or object. Subject particles are NEUN/EUN and I/GA, while object particle is REUL/EUL.

Subject Particles NEUN/EUN and I/GA

These particles are used as a marker of topic sentences.

는(neun)  particle is placed after subject with vowels ending.
For example : 
- 바지 + 는 = 바지는 (trousers)
- 사과 + 는 = 사과는 (apple)

은 (eun) particle is placed after subject with consonants ending.
For example :
- 책 + 은 = 책은 (book)
- 볼펜 + 든 = 볼펜은 (ballpoint)

Let's try to use it in a sentence and feel the difference :

* 이거 사과예요 
   (igeo sagwayeyo)
   This is an apple

* 이거는 사과예요 
   (igeoneun sagwayeyo)
   The other things are not apples, but This is an apple

이 (i) particle is placed after subject with consonants ending.
For example :
- 선생님 + 이 = 선생님이 (teacher)
- 부모님 + 이 = 부모님이 (parents)

가 (ga) particle is placed after subject with vocals ending
For example :
- 누나 + 가 = 누나가 (sister)
- 아버지 + 가 = 아버지가 (father)

는/은 and 이/가 particles sometimes looks the same and confusing because they are both located after subject, but actually differ in their use. So, what is the difference?

The difference between particle 는/은 and 이/가

 는/은 particle can be used as the subject marker, as  well as a marker topic sentences,
For example :

아버지는 사과를 먹어요 ( father eats an apple)
(를 particle is an object marker)

In the sentence above, 는 particle is used as the subject marker, as  well as a marker topic sentence. It means that the topic discussion and the subject in the sentence is " 이버지 "(FATHER).

Now, let's look at the following example :

아버지가 사과를 먹어요 (father (who) eats an apple)

In the sentence above, 가 particle is used as the subject marker, and also used to emphasis the subject.

If someone ask you "who is eating an apple?", you're answer should be " 아버지가 사과를 먹어요 " (the one who is eating an apple is father)
However, don't be worried too much about the particles, because Korean people still able to understand us

Object Particle 를/을

를 as an object particle is placed after object with vowels ending.
For example :
- 사과 + 를 = 사과를 (an apple)
- 치마 + 를 = 치마를 (skirt)

을 as an object particle is placed after object with consonants ending.
For example :
- 마음 + 을 = 마음을 (heart)
- 가방 + 을 = 가방을 (bag)

Well, that's all our lesson today. 내일 봐요